Improvement in temporary binders



VE. W. BULLBNGELK Temporary-Binders.

Patented May 5,1874.

PATENT OFFICE EDWIN w. BULLINGEE, or EEOOKLYIWNEW vonk.

IMPRovEMENT IN TEMPQRARV BINDERS'.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 150,520, dated May 5, 1874 application led September 12, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN W. BULLINGER, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented Improvements in Temporary Binders, of which the following is a specification: v j

These improvements relate particularly to a paperdile patented by J. Nelson Jacobs on June 19, 1860. The invention .consists inthe combination of pairs of hooks on the inner adjacent edges ofthe files boards or covers, a spring arranged on one 'board equidistant from them, and'cords extending obliquel y from them to the spring, whereby not only is a singie spring made to secure both cords, but it also ser-ves to retain them within the hooks, and thus allows the successful use of hooks which are more convenient than eyes in the provision they afford for the easy insertion of new papers in the iile.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure lis a face view of the improved ile open; and Fig. 2 is a section of the same, taken near the inner edge of one of the boards or covers, as indicated by the dotted line w in Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures.

AA are the two boards or covers of the le.

. They are united, in the usual way, by a iieXible back, and thus constitute a portfolio. Instead of the eyes generally employed at their inner edges to fasten thereto the cords C C,

that hold the papers in place, I use hooks B' adding to the thickness of the ile sufficiently to give it an unsightly appearance and to render it incommodious. On the free end of the spring is a hook, D, formed by bending the end portion into the requisite shape. The free ends of these cords C C are fastened to this hook. Their'other ends are made fast to the hooks B B on the edge of the opposite board by slipping their ends over them, or otherwise. On the ends which are threaded through the papers there are tags a a, to facilitate the puncturing of the papers necessary for the passage of the cords through them. After leaving the hooks they extend obliquely toward each other till they meet at the spring, wherefore they are retained within thehooks as securely as they would be retained within eyes.

To lile papers in this le, the cords are detached from the hook of the spring and slipped outof those hooks B B on the same boar-das the spring, and are then threaded through the papers. Afterward the cords are slipped into the hooks B B again, and their ends are slipped over the hook D on the spring, or are otherwise fastened to it. The cords are kept taut by the resilience of the spring. It, being arranged equidistant from the hooks B B, through which the cords are last passed, retains the cords therein, because it draws them inward toward each other, as before described.

This file possesses all the advantages of other files of its kind, and, owing to the adaptation of a single spring to both the cords, is much simpler. Moreover, it is handier to use, because the necessity for unthreading and rethreading the cords through eyes every time papers are led is obviated.

WVhat I claim as my invention is- The combination of the hooks B B on the edges of the boards, the spring E attached to one board, and the cords extending from the said hooks obliquely to the spring, whereby the spring is made to retain the cords in the hooks, substantially as and for the purpose set 

